What data goes into the digital product passport for tyres?

What you must do concretely

The ESPR itself does not provide a ready-made list of fields for the tire digital product passport. Article 7 of the ESPR (Regulation (EU) 2024/1781) describes which categories of information requirements can be imposed, and Article 10 of the ESPR describes how that information is included in the digital product passport. The specific list of tire-specific fields — which value, in which unit, measured according to which method — will be set out in the delegated act for tires, which does not yet exist. What follows here is therefore a description of the categories to be expected based on the ESPR structure, not a definitive list.

What is expected of you

Record product identification

A product passport must make the product uniquely traceable: brand, type, production code or comparable identification, and the name of the manufacturer or importer responsible for the data. For a company with 10 to 100 employees, this means in practice that the data currently scattered across ERP systems, invoices and packaging must be supplied consistently in one central location — otherwise multiple passports will be created for what is actually the same tire type.

Include performance data

Article 5 of the ESPR mentions performance requirements as the core of ecodesign, and for tires these are the properties already shown on the tire label: rolling resistance, wet grip and rolling noise. How the rolling resistance class of a tire is determined, how wet grip is established and how rolling noise in decibels is recorded are values that are already measured for the label and are expected to be included in the passport. For an importer, this is mainly a matter of transferring data — if the underlying test reports are available.

Report material composition

Article 7 of the ESPR mentions material composition and origin of raw materials as an information category that supports ecodesign. For tires it is clear that this will result in data on rubber composition and on the proportion of recycled rubber. This concerns a different part of the organisation than the performance data: not the testing department, but purchasing and production planning, who are often not yet used to documenting this kind of data per batch or per type.

Add repair, maintenance and end-of-life information

The ESPR also names in Article 7 information relevant to repair, maintenance and the post-use phase — for tires this could include information on processing, recycling or re-tread. For fleet managers and wholesalers, this is the part of the passport that becomes particularly relevant at disposal and trade-in, and that is often not documented at all at present.

Keep data up to date

A passport is not a snapshot that you draw up once and then leave. If manufacturers change a formula, a test method or a product code, this will affect the data linked to the QR code. How often this needs to happen in practice and what "up to date" precisely means is set out on the page on how up to date the data in the digital product passport must be.

Where things go wrong in practice

A first situation that often occurs: companies transfer the values from the existing tire label one-to-one into the passport without checking whether the delegated act will later require a different measurement method or an additional field. The label and the passport are two separate regulations that touch each other but are not automatically identical; how these two relate to each other is described on the page on the tire label and the digital product passport.

A second situation: rubber composition is supplied by the manufacturer in a format that does not match what the passport will later require — for example a general product specification instead of a figure per raw material category. This occurs especially in companies that import tires from multiple manufacturers or brands and do not standardise the supplied documentation.

A third situation: data that can legitimately be considered commercially sensitive — such as exact recipe ratios — are inserted into the passport without further consideration, whereas there is a distinction between what becomes publicly visible and what is only accessible to certain parties. This distinction is detailed on the pages about who may view which data from the product passport and on disclosure of commercially sensitive tire data.

A fourth situation: seasonal tires (winter tires, all-season tires) are treated with the same dataset as summer tires, whereas there are specific characteristics that may be separately relevant. What is to be said about this is on the page about seasonal tires and specifications.

A fifth situation: an error in the data is discovered only after publication, and the company does not know whether and how it can be corrected. This particularly applies to companies that treat the passport as a static document rather than as something that must be managed throughout the product's lifetime; see the page about amending data after publication.

What you can record

• An overview per tire type of which test reports exist (rolling resistance, wet grip, noise) and from whom they were received.
• A fixed template structure for rubber composition and proportion of recycled material, so that submissions from different manufacturers are comparable.
• An internal point of contact for data management, with a documented agreement on who is responsible for updating data when changes occur.
• A classification of which data is considered commercially sensitive, established before publication, not after.
• A file per product code with the source documents (supplier declarations, test certificates, material specifications) that form the basis of the passport, so that data can be traced back to the source during an inspection or correction.